Workshop 12 - Social and Ethical Issues

Lecture

In the lecture the main components I found interesting, useful and educational were, what the current ongoing internet problems are focusing on intellectual property, copyright, plagiarism, privacy and freedom of speech and how to protect you when using then net.

Intellectual Property

• Intellectual property is inventions, ideas, music movies.
  


• The problem is IP do not require registration for any of the above.
  

Copyright

• Copyright meaning the right to copy.
  


• In this digital age copyright issues are becoming impossible to patrol and intervene on internet users downloading and burning illegal music and movies.
  

Plagiarism

• Plagiarism is using others ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of the original information.
  


• Considered plagiarism if ideas or opinions are not referenced or referenced properly.

Privacy

• Every internet site a user visits digital prints are always left.
  


• The problem is user freedom vs. the protection of information management.
  

Security

• Internet uses multiple ways to transmit data. The multiple ways means interception can occur at anytime.
  
  

Security issues include

• Probe attack: leading to content theft or password theft.
  
• Virus Contamination: Caused by opening unfamiliar and unknown email attachments, downloading unknown untrusted software and p2p programs such as LimeWire.
  
• Spam and Spyware.
  

Protecting yourself
If users want to use the internet it is necessary to have the appropriate software to protect your details and your computer.

Installing a firewall – Protects against probes and unsolicited monitoring.
Installing antivirus software – Protects against viruses crawling around throughout the internet. Must be updated weekly virus programs are only as well as the last known virus.
Installing spyware software – Protects from spyware, adware. Hijackers and dialers.
Beware of attachments – Attachments sent by email must always be scanned before opened for the first time.

Tutorial

Gary firstly had a brief check of bloggs and gave us final feedback before they were due the final week. He reminded us that two videos were to be included in the bloggs, one manual play and auto play to achieve highest marks in the “technical skills evident” column. Gary then went through on the projector what was to come in the last week of the UPC 0004 unit, main things mentioned were group assignments given back, journal entries due and a brief overview of exam content. We were then given time to then complete feedback on all UPC course units Gary then allowed us class time to complete any of our workshops left that were all due the following week.

Workshop 12 – Social and Ethical Issues

The first task is to visit the website the Australian copyright council http://www.copyright.org.au/, then click on the link Copyright information, then all information sheets. Once there choose five information sheets that are relevant to myself as an undergraduate and record my findings in the learning log. (do at Uni PDF files copyright website)

Internet Copying and Downloading Material

• The material found on the internet may be protected by copyright, as may emails.
  


• Most cases, permission to download material is given on the site, but the fact the material is able to viewed on the website, or accessible using P2P software or networks over the internet , or contained in an email does not by itself, mean that you are able to use at as you wish.
  


• Do not assume that everything on the internet or in an email was put there or copied with permission of the copyright owner. If material was pirated, or the person hosting the site or sending the email was not in a position to give permission on behalf of the copyright owner, you infringe copyright laws, if you download or copy it.
  

Broadband Content
The main copyright that need to be considered are:

• Whether you need copyright or moral rights clearance to use other people’s material as part of your content.
  


• What licensing agreements you will enter into for the use of your content by broadband distributors
  How your broadband service provider will protect content against infringement.
  

Lending Items protected by copyright

• Usually copyright is not infringed by the lending material, since this is not rights reserved to the copyright owner.
  


• Statements on electronic resources such as software and CD’s limiting the people entitled to use the material in some cases affects the purchasers right to lend out resources.
  


• When material has been acquired under licence e.g. publications on a CD – ROM, or material was donated or sold to the library under specific conditions, lending the material in some cases might breach a contract.

Video and DVD’s: Copying and Downloading

• It is legal for a person to copy a videotape a person own onto a DVD for private and domestic use.
  
• The new provision does not apply an infringing videotape.
  


• If you download a movie from the internet for free, it may be a pirate copy, which means you infringe copyright by downloading it to your PC.
  

Computer Software

• Computer programs are protected by copyright in the same way as novels or poems.
  


• If you buy a computer program, your rights to use it normally are set out in the terms and conditions of a licence.
  


• The copyright act allows you to make a backup copy of a computer program, but not of any associated material such as computer games or images.
  


• There is no general right to copy computer programs for personal use.
  

Music Copying Mp3’s and CD’s

• It is legal to copy recorded music an individual owns such as a CD to play on a device such as an IPod subject to certain conditions.
  


• If you agree to certain conditions before downloading a music file, those conditions still apply; they are not overridden by the new provision in the Copyright Act which allows copies of recorded music.

The second task is then to go to the APRA site http://www.apra.com.au/music-users/online_mobile/online_mobile.asp and explain what I need to know about music and the web.

The article on Online and Mobile webpage by APRA/AMCOS talks about the issue internet users downloading free music meaning songwriters and artists are not getting paid.

• Copyright Music requires the appropriate clearances to be obtained. Licensing the use of music online it is able to ensure that composers, songwriters and music publishers are reimbursed for the exercise of their rights.
  
• Copyright owners in music have a number of rights in their work, including the right to reproduce their music and the right to communicate their work to the public. Whenever music is downloaded or streamed over the net sometimes these rights are exploited. These rights include the reproduction of work and the communication of musical work such as the melody or chords of a song to the public illegally.
  
• AMCOS offers a licence on behalf of the music publishers for certain rights associated with the reproduction of the musical works in an online context.
  
• APRA handles the performing right for musical work of its members, referred online as “communication to the public” “Communication” occurs when music is available on a download service or mobile applications such as tones. Reproduction and communication of a sound recording is a separate right if an original sound recording is used.
  

The third task is to use the following sites

http://netsecurity.about.com/

http://netsecurity.about.com/http://computer.howstuffworks.com/virus6.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/virus6.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/virus6.htm

http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1759,2100282,00.asp

to write a plan to protect myself from internet attacks on privacy and security. Covering the threats of viruses, Trojans and how I can protect myself from identity theft.

Virus

• A virus is a malicious code that replicates itself, each day new viruses are discovered daily. Viruses can do serious damage such as erasing files or even rendering the terminating a computer system itself.
  
  Trojans
  


• A Trojan is a malicious program disguised as a normal program. They do not replicate but can spread and attach themselves to a virus.

To protect myself from the threats of Viruses and Trojans there is a couple of steps to avoid and reduce this.

• Buying a virus protection, firewall and spyware protector for my PC.
  
• Avoiding using the internet for all research, and use CDs, books journal articles and avoid using the internet for general duties such as buying products and to eliminate the risks of traditional viruses.
  
• Making sure that Macros virus protection is enabled in all Microsoft applications, avoid all Marcos at all costs.
  


• Never double click on an email attachment that contains an executable. Attachments that come in as Word files (.DOC), spreadsheets (.XLS), images (.GIF), etc., are data files and they can do no damage. The only time you may open an executable via email is if it has been through a virus check and the email recipient is known and trusted.
  
  Protecting my personal information I need to have multiple lines of defence enables the cleverest hackers to not be able to pass multiple layers of security.
  This is done by:
  


• Implementing a firewall
  


• (IDS) Intrusion Detection System
  


• Antivirus software.

Using these three devices together helps to keep out unwanted traffic and notify when unauthorised access has occurred.

Readings

The first reading of week 12 is from the webpage http://www.eff.org/wp/effs-top-12-ways-protect-your-online-privacy. The webpage is a foundation, Electronic Frontier Foundation, which has written an article on EFF's Top 12 Ways to Protect Your Online Privacy by Sam McCandlish, I will explain a couple of major ones. Tip 1 to protect your online privacy is to not reveal personal information involuntarily. Instead of using your real name you may want to set up a pseudonym for a site if you feel that the site is not trustworthy or questions become really personal. Tip 3 is to keep a clean email address. If you send emails to unknown parties as they are likely to contain Spam within. Tip 5 to realise you may be monitored at work, school or university. Make sure personal emails are only sent to the designated contact(s) and not a whole list of contacts. Tip 8 is being wary of internet security. Never give out a credit card number unless your connection is encrypted, and also be on the lookout for spyware which is embedded usually in downloadable internet programs to combat this get spyware software. Tip 12 Use encryption. Use encryption to generate codes and protect details.

The second reading of week 12 is from the webpage http://ethics.csc.ncsu.edu/social/workplace/monitoring/. The Webpage creator is unknown but it is a title page on Electronic monitoring. The Contents is split up into four sub categories types of monitoring, privacy issues and suggested policies. The first subtopic talks about how employees are monitored on the computer and when they access the internet. The second subtopic talks about the restrictions to employee monitoring on the computer and the internet. The third subtopic talks about the employees and bosses balance between privacy and workplace monitoring.

The third reading of week 13 is from the webpage http://www.bpmlegal.com/overview.html. The webpage created by Brown and Michael’s talks about the basic kinds of intellectual property protection. The basic kind of intellectual property protection the website looks at is patents, trademarks and copyrights. Patents is defined as methods for doing something, is split into three subtypes utility, plant and design. Utility patents cover inventions such as machinery and chemical DNA sequences. Plant Patents anyone who invents or discovers a new variety of plants. Design Patents cover the ornamental of a device such as a body of a Porsche. Trademark is the symbol which represents the product or service. Copyright protects company works from authorship, or artistry. Relating this to computer software it is patentable because it does something in the real world. Copyright of computer software protects it from being copied with a program code.

Workshop 11 - Building Knowledge

Lecture

The main components of the lecture I found interesting, educational and useful was the definition of data, information and knowledge, there characteristics, importance and the relationships between data, information and knowledge.

Data – Is a fact or proposition.

Information – A collection of facts or data that relate to each other.

Knowledge – The sum and/or range of what has been perceived discovered or learned.

Characteristics of Data

• Factual


• Non judgmental


• Has no intrinsic “meaning”
• Has no intrinsic “value”

Importance of Data collection
Collection of valid, unbiased data is essential.
Must be representative

Characteristics of Information

• Summative
  
• Relational
  
• Permanent
  
• Has meaning


• Uncertain value

Importance of information collection
Must inform
Must be relational to the data represented
Must be meaningful


Characteristics of Knowledge

• Experiential
  
• Judgmental
  
• Subjective
  
• Very valuable

Importance of Knowledge
Although subjective, its origin should be clear
Should be a well thought out conclusion
Justification should be established by the data and information

Relationships between Data, Information and Knowledge

Data: Are the individual facts or propositions on their own of limited value but can then be built into.
Information: a collection of facts that establishes trends and precedents in order to generate:
Knowledge: How humans experience and wisdom is applied to the information in order to make sense of it and inform a prediction or opinion.

Tutorial

In the tutorial Gary did in a depth check of our Blogs in class of what things had to be fixed up or improved to gain a higher mark. Gary showed on the projector the marking criteria for our blogg entries for our blog entries and talked about specific details of what we had to achieve to get these top marks . The marking guide helped me to also know what to double check and improve overall in order to get tops marks in every field. Once we had gone over Blogg marking criteria Gary allowed us to spend the rest of our time to complete workshop 11 on building knowledge.

Workshop 11 - Building Knowledge

The first task is to browse the webpage http://www.success.co.il/is/dik.html or http://dir.yahoo.com/Reference/Dictionaries and use the internet to find some dictionary meanings for the following terms data, information, knowledge, and wisdom.
Once found then compile our own definitions for the above terms.

Data – Is factual information, used on a basis for discussion, opinion or calculation.

Information – Knowledge derived from experience, instruction or study.

Knowledge - Knowledge is acquired skills experienced throughout a person’s experience and education.

Wisdom – Is the ability to make good decision based on a individuals knowledge and second task is then to use the lecture slides and search the web for alternative ways to represent the terms above.



The second task is then to use the lecture slides and search the web for alternative ways to represent the above words. Using the drawing toolbar in MS word to create a graphical representation of the relationship of these terms.



The third task is to provide a brief outline of the benefits of understanding the relationship between data, information, and knowledge can assist in university studies.

Data: Is the research phase of an assignment. Data can assist you in forming ideas and sometimes provide factual back up for statements or observations.

Information: Is the building phase of an assignment, piecing bits of data together so it becomes meaningful to your assignment context. Information once collaborated a person shall start to see patterns emerge, which will help establish the structure of the work and help to consider conclusions.

Knowledge: The composition phase of the assignment, where a person begins to make their own judgements based on the information. The information is interpreted and the person begins to develop their own understanding or opinion of the topic. Summary, conclusion or recommendations may be written showing knowledge of the information and the data has informed by the information collected.

The fourth task is to make a list of five organisations that collect their information from clients or public. Once these organisations are displayed the next part of the task is then to document why these organisations retrieve information.

• Hungry Jacks
  
• Woolworths
  
• Leisure Centres

The above three mainly retrieve information from the public for feedback on what they offer, how their customer service is etc to try improve business standards.

• Journalists
• News Reporters

The above two mainly gather information in order to inform people and to endorse certain issues or opinions on topics.

Readings

The first reading of week 11 is from the webpage http://www.systems-thinking.org/dikw/dikw.htm. The webpage was created by Gene Bellinger, Durval Castro and Anthony Mills is about the relationship between data, knowledge, information, understanding and wisdom. The site has definitions of all the knowledge building phases and graph to represent there relationship. The site also gives a good example of the real life relationship between data, information and knowledge. The example goes
Data represents a fact or statement of event without relation to other things.
E.g. it is raining.
Information embodies the understanding of a relationship of some sort, possibly cause and effect.
E.g. the temperature dropped 15 degrees and then it started raining.
Knowledge represents a pattern that connects and generally provides a high level of predictability as to what is described or what will happen next.
E.g. If the humidity is very high and the temperature drops substantially the atmospheres is often unlikely to be able to hold the moisture so it rains.\
Wisdom embodies more of an understanding of fundamental principles embodied within the knowledge that are essentially the basis for the knowledge being what it is.
E.g. it rains because it rains. And this encompasses an understanding of all the interactions that happen between raining, evaporation, air currents, temperature gradients, changes, and raining.

The second reading of week 11 is from the webpage http://camellia.shc.edu/literacy/index.html. The webpage was created by Thomas W. Eland, Minneapolis Community and Technical College and is a title page with hyperlink tutorial lessons designed to assist Spring Hill students master information literacy skills. The lessons include organisation of knowledge, from thesis to search strategy, fundamentals of online searching, using reference resources, citing your sources and copyright and fair uses. Once the lessons have been read and important information has been jotted down the student’s then move onto the assignments.

Workshop 10 - Information Management

Lecture

Useful and interesting components within the week 10 lecture slides was atom based and bit information formats and pros and cons, principles for orgainsing bits and principles for oranising XP.

Atom based information format is such things as books, papers and reports. The main advantages of atom based information format are:

• Exists in space we can see it
  
• We can know where it is
  
• Easy to protect
  
• Difficult to change/ copy
  
  Disadvantages
  
• Bulky E.g. The Encyclopedia Britannica
  
• Costly – Resource Implications
  
• Difficult to edit and distribute
  
  Bit based information format is such things as electronic content and digital reproductions. The main advantages of bit based information format are
  
• Very Flexible – easily move between formats
  
• Very Cheap – Resource Implications much less
  
• Easy to Edit
  
• Easy to mass produce and broadcast
  
  Disadvantages
  
• Privacy easy to copy and steal
  
• Authenticity – easy to fake and alter and edit information
  
• Large unsolicited broadcast – likely to get SPAM
  

Priciples for orgainsing some bits are saved under the following common file extensions. .doc , .docx (Word), .ppt (PowerPoint), .zip (Windows ZIP file), .xls (Excel spreadsheet), .mpg (movie file), .jpg (Jpeg Jay-Peg Image file), .gif ((CompuServe Image file) and .mdb (Access database file)

There is a certain process to be followed in order to store information bits on Windows XP operating system. In any of Windows programs listed above go
Click file
Go to properties
Fill in appropriate fields with metadata
Click to see preview as this will appear on the thumbnail of your document.
By dong this process of “metadata” you will be able to find documents easily when using the Windows find files function.

Tutorial

In the tutorial week 10 our group assignment was due. My group we collaborated all our information together during tutorial class, filled in an assessment cover sheet and handed the assignment into our tutorial teacher Gary. Gary told us to then to read what is to be completed for workshop 10 on information management. After we had read through what was to be done in the workshop Gary gave us three choices to either continue doing the current workshop, leave the tutorial class or provide feedback on how our Blogs. Myself, I chose to stay back and get my blogs checked for feedback. It was important to for Gary to give feedback on our blogs as the due date for our entire workshop Blogs would be in a couple of weeks and constitutes to 40% of our total marks.

Workshop 10 – Information Management

The first task is to complete the following tutorial using the URL http://www.inette.com/aibtinette/favoritesI.html on bookmarks and favourites.

The second task is then to use this information retained by the tutorial to set up a favourites list that has three folders in it, with at least two websites marked as favourites. Once we had completed the internet explorer favourites list we then had to produce a screen capture of this favourites list.

The third task was to read Negroponte's famous "Being Digital" archive online found on the internet site http://archives.obs-us.com/obs/english/books/nn/bdcont.htm.
While reading also Negroponte's famous "Being Digital" we were told to take extra consideration on the first part about “DNA information”.

The first reading of Negroponte's famous "Being Digital" DNA information talks about how our economy is moving towards being bit based information formats.

• The archive talks about the bit based information convenience to atom based information format by talking about the FedEx example. How samples in atom based formats of CDs, CD – ROMS, got stuck in customs, in the hotel on the internet on the other hand bit information was able to be transferred over the internet from all parts of the world quicker.

• Major disadvantage documented in the archive of atom based information format is that textbooks 45% of the cost is inventory, shipping, and returns. Worse, a book can go out of print. Bit based information will never go out of print, they will always be there.

• Into the future other media will become digitally driven by the combined forces of convenience, economic imperative, and deregulation.
  
  
  

Still Relevant?

• The information though written thirteen years I think it is relevant to what has become of the digital revolution today. Today almost everyone uses the internet for all purposes such as downloading, buying groceries, social profile, education and research the internet today has unlimited uses and the article had predicted.
• The pros and cons in the archive show relevance to today of how bit information format will become more popular and common to utilise then atom based information format. Such things as the convenience factor of bit based information to atom based information.
• Bit based information all you need to access it is a desktop and an active internet connection. Compared to atom based information you need to look for the material such as a CD, or book, less convenient and more time dedicated to finding the appropriate information material.
  
  Without the bit based information format such as the internet today many things have been made more convenient and I can only see bit based information becoming more efficient and effective in the future.
  
  
  Readings
  
  
  The first reading of week 10 is online internet essay article on Grazing The Net http://www.fno.org/text/grazing.html. The essay written by Jackie Mckenzie talks about the current generation of students navigating for information via electronic resources making important decisions on what is worth and unworthy information. The topics covered in the essay article include students as infotectives, issues of reliability and accuracy, the question is the answer, great models for new research, great models for new school research, creating the wired classroom and the wired school and preparing students for cyberspace. The first topic student infotectives talks about turning students into beings able to solve a number of information puzzles, gain a combination of inference skills and new technologies. The second topic is about issue of reliability and accuracy is teaching students that information databases are more reliable than the search engines “free internet”. The third topic the question is the answer is for students to plan questions and look for the answers on the web. The fourth topic great models for the new school research talks about using reliable sources and finding ways to limit and specify information relevant to topic and/or questions. The fifth topic creating the wired classroom and the wired school talks about changing our classes to becoming purposeful and meaningful, becoming a more engaged classroom. The last topic preparing students for cyberspace talks about the many skills required to be successful in cyberspace studies.
  
  The second reading of ECU is an online BBC news video click on knowledge and information web management. The video news report talks about the information quality of the web. Everybody in this day have become authors over the internet, raising issues and enforcing opinions on such sites as Blogger or Wikipedia and information must be determined by public to consider how reliable it is. The main focus is on the report on information reliability on the web focusing on wikipedia. The presenter Spencer meets with the creator of wikipedia Jimmy Whales. Jimmy Whales addresses how Wikipedia should be considered an encyclopedia. Spencer and Jimmy talk about Wikipedia is updated by regular people without degrees or qualification etc, therefore it is not as reliable compared to real information portals such as Britannica. Spencer and Jimmy Whales talk about his plans to create a Wikia search engine. Search engine where keyword search results are related to websites by the people not computer programs. The news 2nd minor report focuses backing up your computer as computers are always vulnerable to viruses and spyware in this day and age. For backup small amounts of data can be stored on CDs, moderate to large information can be stored on DVDs and large information backup can be stored on external hard drives. There is also online over the internet storage which you pay a monthly fee to store data.

Workshop 9 - Communications

Lecture

Components of the lecture I found interesting, useful and educational is the types of communication, Netiquette & email, Netiquette & Chat, and benefits of using Information and Communication (ICT) Technology for Electronic journals, Real Time Communication, and bloggs.
The two time fields of communications are Synchronous and Asynchronous.
Synchronous – Is when all parties have to be engaged in conversation at the same time e.g. Phone Call.
Asynchronous – Is when parties partake in conversation at different times e.g. email.

The two “places” of communications are dependent and independent.
Dependent – All parties are in the same place e.g. Players at the same place using LAN connection to play a video game.
Independent – Parties can be anywhere in cyberspace.

Issues associated with email use

Email is 1 dimensional

• Difficulty to convey feelings
  
• Easy to confuse and send the wrong signal
  

Considered informal

Emails are easily forwarded to other contact recipients

• Delete sensitive emails
  
• Do not forward emails that insult another person


• Do not forward emails without the writers permission, it is now seen illegal if no authorisation is given.
  
  Every contact can see your email when email is sent to multiple CC contacts including yourself.
  
• Use the Blind Carbon Copy Feature BBC – BBC allows you to send multiple emails without displaying others email addresses.

Benefits of using ICT:

Electronic Journals and newsletters

• Range from serious academic journals to magazines
  
• Cover a wide range of subjects
  
• Often available for free.
  

Podcasts

• Subscription allows podcasts to be automatically delivered.
  
• Thousands of broadcasters and topics
  
• Portable to mp3 and mobile devices.
  
  

Real Time Communication

• Chat – Wide topic choice, good for group discussions
  
• Web Conferencing – see hear and chat to each other, share files and pictures.
  
  Blogs
  
• Lost of different types
  
• Huge range of topics
  
• Can become more personal than factual
  
  

Tutorial

In the Tutorial Gary went through on the projector screen what was to be done in Workshop 9. Showing in particular how to get to and utilise Google Groups. Then Gary gave us some class time to complete Workshop 9. As the group assignment was due the following week our group checked with Gary if our introduction and framework was good enough to hand as hard copy. We got feedback on what to include and exclude in which we fixed the following week.

Worshop 9 - Communications

The first task is to visit the Google site and click on the group tabs and enter a search term that interests me. Document which term is entered and the group(s) are found.

The term that entered was “Foo Fighters” and the group that was found was “alt . music . foo-fighters”.

The second task is then to look through some of the bulletins posted and look through some of the bulletin boards containing them. Information recorder shall then be recorded in the blog.

What the bulletins contain?

The alt . music . foo-fighters group bulletins mainly contain discussion dedicated to Foo Fighters though as the group name suggest some bulletins talk about other alternative rock bands, and just random advertising in there as well. Such things expressed in the bulletins about the Foo Fighters are people talking about.

• Foo Fighters concerts
  
• merchandise being sold
  
• new album release
  
• video clip of songs
  
• questions of bands origin etc.
  

An example of this is the bulletin about the new Foo Fighters album Echoes, Silence, patience and Grace talks about the history behind the production of this album working with the same producer Gil Norton, the suspected release date of the album and track listing.

Task Three is to visit a podcast hosting site http://podcasts.yahoo.com/. and type a topic into a search field that interest me and listen to one or two podcasts.

Then go to the ECU library podcast website http://www.ecu.edu.au/library/services/podcasts.html.






The fourth task is then to document what the benefits of podcasts for university students.

Benefits of podcasts for University students

• University students are able to listen to class material on the go with there Ipod or mp3 device or even mobile device.


• Instead of getting, books or journals out students are able to download podcasts of the material on there particular topic.
  
• Teachers can podcast any class material or instructions for students to download.
  Teachers are able to record material or instructions for lectures and tutorials for any students that are sick or can’t make it to these classes.
  
• If teachers record material and information via podcast students are able to continually go over the information if forgotten and don’t have to always carry notepads and stationary to write down information.
  
• Any speech related assignments university students are able to use podcasts to express information or opinion on a topic.

Readings

The first reading for Week 9 is the techsoup website http://www.techsoup.org/learningcenter/internet/page6175.cfm. The techsoup website article Emails Do’s and Don’ts written by Amit Asaravala are tips on what to include or exclude when sending an email to a friend or client or the recipient of an email I will give examples of some main tips. Tip 1 when sending an email is to make sure that the email is the right communication tool for the job. Tip 2 is get to the point right away. By doing this you don’t lose the readers attention or confuse him or her. Tip 8 one message one topic. If more than one question is sent sometimes most of these questions are likely to be overlooked. When you are receiving emails the third tip is to ask for clarification. If the email doesn’t make sense ask the sender to explain what the email is about. Tip 5 you don’t have to respond straight away to all emails. Reading your emails is not your only priority if need to attend to other activities then do so.

The second reading of week 9 is the techsoup website http://www.techsoup.org/learningcenter/internet/page4815.cfm. The techsoup website article Essential Email Etiquette written by Wenkai Tray talks about the basic rules of sending email to clients and friends. Rule 1 is to think of an appropriate subject. To select an appropriate title that reflects the content within the email. Rule 2 is to address recipients properly. Addressing recipients properly in the form of Sir/Madam Mr/Mrs is the pilote and best way to address recipients. Rule 3 select an appropriate tone. For a fist message to a recipient be more formal, from then on you can be more causal, use smile’s :) :D to reduce formality. Rule 4 avoid irony and sarcasm. Try not be to funny because it sometimes can come of as being rude. Rule 5 Edit your message. Grammar and punctuation errors can be a big turn off, use spell checker to spot mistakes. Rule 6 make your emails short and to the point. Many people may have many emails to go through so you should make the email, very basic and to the point. Rule 7 Attachments. Don’t send attachments to people you have not asked as many people don’t like to receive them or can’t receive them because of the file format.

The third reading of week 9 is the Coalition against Bulk Email, Australia CAUBE.AU) http://www.caube.org.au/problem.htm. The internet website talks about Unsolicited Bulk Email (UBE), known as spam and its associated problems in the subtopics of what the problems are, solutions that don’t work and why shouldn’t we just say, and why “its not a problem here now” doesn’t cut it “we can control it, lets ignore the problem”. The first subtopic talks about how UBE is like no other forms of advertising, its has no cost to the sender meaning unlimited spam mail, UBE costs the recipient money and time and UBE destroys email. The second subtopic talks about how come we can’t just hit delete to remove UBE, how come internet service providers cant restrict junk mail, why technical solutions have failed and why opt outs have failed. The final third subtopic talks about how junk mail has taken over peoples email accounts and the only reason it has not got really bad because dedicated people have stopped the progression of UBE.

Workshop 8 - Presentation Strategies

Lecture

The main components of the lecture I found interesting and useful is what to include in your PowerPoint introduction, body and conclusion, important factors to consider when using PowerPoint and strategies for audience involvement

Main components that should be included for an effective introduction structure within PowerPoint.

• Attention Getters
  
• Thesis Statement
  
• Audience Adaptation
  
• Preview
  

Body

• Main Ideas




• Organisational Patterns
  
• Connective Devices
  
• References to Outside Research

Conclusion

• Re-assert/Reinforce the Thesis
  
• Review the Main Points
  
• Close Effectively
  

Tips to retain when preparing your presentation are important in, showcasing your material in the right manner and being able to get the highest marks possible.

• Firstly, if any visual aids are to be used within the PowerPoint make sure you check before hand if they work. If they do not work, do not use them as a poor audiovisual device is not worth using.
  
• Using the KISS (Keep It Simple Stupid) principle demonstrates that the main focus is the message you are addressing throughout the presentation. Documenting more within the presentation does not necessarily have to be included, to deliver the message.
  
• Do not always use PowerPoint as your sole means of delivery, talk as part of the presentation and utilise the PowerPoint slides to back up and summarise subject spoken on.

Certain strategies can be used to be able to engage audience involvement. Some of these include:

• Know your audience – pitch your presentation accordingly.




• Use relevant examples and anecdotes to help explain concepts or ideas.
  
• Make eye contact – don’t bury your head in your notes.
  
• Speak clearly – learn to use pause and emphasis effectively.
  
• Rehearsing your presentation will enable you to pace it correctly.

Tutorial

This week there was no tutorial as the tutorial fell on a Anzac Holiday.

Workshop 8 – Presentation Strategies

The first task is to go to the Laura Guertin's "Online resources for how to prepare and deliver a presentation" http://www.personal.psu.edu/uxg3/blogs/undergraduateresearch/2008/02/online-resources-for-how-to-pr.html and make up a top five strategies list to deliver a high class PowerPoint presentation.

The 1st of the top five strategies

• State the problem, idea or discussion that you will be addressing.

The problem, idea or discussion must be stated within the introduction along with the process of the presentation. This gives the audience an outline of what the presentation will cover.

2nd of the top five strategies

• Practice addressing your presentation.

If time is researched presenting you become more relaxed, you will be able to fluently remember the information within the PowerPoint and improve your understanding of the topic.

3rd of the top five strategies

• Give the audience a very specific example with which they can identify, and then show how that relates to a more general concept.

By presenting both the general and the specific information, a speaker can help motivate the audience to listen to the presentation. In doing this it also enables the audience to more clearly identify and understand a certain idea or personal opinion on a topic.

4th of the top five strategies

• Do not include excessive information.

Do not present excessive information within the PowerPoint presentation as the audience is not able to absorb all the information presented. The PowerPoint itself will get boring for the audience too as the information will go off track from the main idea or topic you the presenter is trying to explain about. If excessive information was to be included within the presentation, address the facts/opinions within the speech and only include the main facts and opinions within the PowerPoint presentation itself.

5th of the top five strategies

• Use a range of contrasting colours within the PowerPoint to help, differentiate different subtopics, address points of information, opinions etc.

Make sure that the colours used within the PowerPoint presentation are not too bright as the audience will find it hard to view the PowerPoint.

Second task was to create a PowerPoint on how a low impact PowerPoint standard would look like and mistakes that would be included within. The presentation had to include:

• Title Slide
  
• Introductory Slide
  
• 3 main body slides
  
• Summary Slide

3. The third task was then to include in our Blog the slides we had created for the low impact PowerPoint.

Title Page

1/3 Main body : Appearance

1/3 Main body: Appearance pg2

2/3 Main Body : Pg 5 Excessive information

2/3 Main Body : Pg 6 Excessive information pg2

pg 7 : Images and Audiovisual Media

pg8 PowerPoint without and with image

Pg 9 Conclusion Slide

Workshop 7 - Using Endnote

Lecture

Useful and interesting components of the lecture were: Understanding what endnote is, using the Endnote database program, demonstrating how endnote is used in collaboration with Microsoft Word.

Endnote is a database program that allows you to make a bibliography in the proper appropriate referencing source, providing fields for different source(s). Endnote being a database also stores previous references when saved.

• To start using endnote when the application is opened, you click new library, save the reference under an appropriate name.
  
• Once the application open Ctrl N is pressed to open a new reference, choose the appropriate reference type and document necessary information needed in reference. To change to the ECU referencing APA 5th locate click the icon that says “annotated” and change to APA 5th.
  
• To then input the reference source into Microsoft Word program place the cursor where you would like your in text reference to go, click tools, Cite While You Write, insert selected citation. The end text reference will automatically be placed at the end of your paper.
  

Learning the process of how to use Endnote gave me a brief understanding of the functions of endnote and how to use it.
Tutorial

Tutorial

In the tutorial we were told to open up Endnote exercises for Vista, from blackboard. The first two Endnote activities were to input a couple of references from different sources into Word. The Last activity was more difficult as the task was to input a journal article reference from Pro Quest. This is done by marking the item, clicking the “my research” tab, then exporting the reference citation straight into a saved Endnote reference library. Once we had finished all the Endnote exercises we showed our tutorial teacher Gary that we had finished then we were allowed to go early or spend the rest of the tutorial finishing our Bloggs.

Workshop 7 – Using Endnote

The first task is to review the online referencing guide and include examples of referencing five different types electronic formats using endnote.

Online Journal
(1946-2000). Sport, Macfadden Publications.

Audiovisual Material
(2006). The energy debate [Melbourne, Vic.], Menzies Foundation.

Journal Article
Anonymous (May 16, 2008 ). "Moscow police take steps to ensure safety at Champions League final ".

Electronic Book

Carraminana, A. (2007). Solar, Stellar and Galactic Connections between Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Dordrecht.

Webpage

NADEL, J. (2008). "Kobe, Lakers come back to win Game 1 over Spurs." Retrieved 22 May 2008, 2008, from http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5jVSLv6wpyLI-gQqpIrQKzxyf3WIAD90QHCQG0.

Task Two is then to go to Blackboard and complete Endnote V11 Exercises for Vista.

Task Three: Once we had completed the endnote exercises for Vista we then had to open and save a copy of cite while you write Endnote exercise. Using the references from task 1 we had to input the references into this document. We then have to include a screen capture of the references in Endnote and the references within cite while you write Endnote exercise.

Workshop 6 - Evaluation and Authentication

Lecture
The components of the lecture I found interesting and educational was the information provided on evaluating IQ on the Web in the fields of Accuracy, Authority, Objectivity, currency and coverage and some pointers on indicators of quality

Evaluating IQ on the web was classified under the following fields.

• Accuracy
  Information reliable and error free?
  Is there an editor or someone who checks the information on a regular basis?
  
• Authority
  Is there an Author?
  Is the Author qualified?
  Is there a link to information about the author or sponsor?
  
• Objectivity
  Does the information present Bias?
  Is the page designed to sway opinion?
  Is there any advertising on the page?


• Currency
  Is the page dated?
  If, so when was it last updated?
  How current are the links if any?
  
• Coverage
  What topics are covered?
  How in depth is the material?
  What is unique about the page?
  

Reviewing this evaluation criteria was useful to my group and I on what evaluation criteria was to be used in order to evaluate a website in which we had chosen, also the tasks to complete in workshop 6.

Indicators of quality within websites gave me an idea of how to differentiate between good and bad web pages
Some extra criteria to differentiate between good and bad included:

Sources documented do they contain links and or footnotes?
Information retyped or forged?
Links to other sources are they bias or slanted?

Tutorial

Firstly we went over the group assignment due date which was week 10 week beginning May 25th in our tutorial class.. Our tutorial teacher went over in detail what the aims and outcomes of the group assignment – Evaluation of Web Material. The Evaluation of Material was split into three different sections Course Framework, Website Evaluation and Group Assessment. The course framework section was to be done in groups. What was to be included in the framework was an introduction addressing the aims and outcomes of assignment and to research the evaluation criteria of evaluating a website. The second part was evaluating a website individually. Using our group evaluation criteria we were to choose a website listed in blackboard which we were to evaluate. After finishing the website evaluation individually we would have to collaborate our evaluation to be able to hand in. The last part of the assessment is to do a group evaluation of each member. At the end of the presentation outline of the group assignment we chose our groups of 3 or 4. Secondly then we went over the workshop material. What had to be done for workshop six this week is what had to be documented in the blogs from the workshop questions.

Workshop 6 - Evaluation and Authentication

1. (A) Was to view the ICYouSee critical thinking page www.ithaca.edu/library/think.html and describe the strategies to evaluate a website in our learning log.

ICYouSee Website Evaluation Criteria

• Authority – Who are the authors of the web page? What gives them the authority to expertise in what they write?
  
• Accuracy – Is the information on the site accurate? Are there facts presented?
  
• Objectivity – What is the author’s point of view, if there is one? What is the purpose of the site?
  
• Currency – When was the information on the page originally written or documented with a date? Has the site been updated on a regular basis?
  
• Coverage - Does the site address the topic you are researching? Is the information basic and broad or specific and elaborate? Is there enough information on the topic? Is a large part of that information important and relevant?
  
• Value – Was the Page worth visiting? Does the site offer informative, unique and or insightful?

(B) The second part of the first activity is to document any further information presented on website evaluation criteria and to compare what evidence was found from ICYouSee webpage and the Good, the bad and the Ugly.

Good Bad and Ugly Website Evaluation Criteria (further tips)

• Authority – Is there a sponsor or organisation? How reputable is the sponsor/organisatiion? Is there a link to the author, sponsor or organistion?
  If there is neither is there any other way to determine the websites origin?
  
• Accuracy – Is there an editor or someone who vertifies or checks information?
  
• Objectivity – Is there any advertising on the page?
  
• Currency – Have the links been updated?
  
• Coverage – NA

The major differences between the volume of information presented by ICYouSee webpage and the Good, the bad and the Ugly include.

• ICYouSee contains an extra criteria section “values” which contain extra point


• Though ICYouSee contains extra criteria the website evaluation criteria is less compared to Good, the bad and the Ugly less elaborate on criteria.
  
• The date of the ICYouSee was last updated 2008 being more reliable where as Good, the bad and the Ugly shows the date of information has been there since 1997
  
• Good, the bad and the Ugly contain a rationale section also with the website criteria. Rational section documents the type of scenarios to think about what when evaluating the webpage. Example criteria such as is the site a Hoax? Just fro fun?
  

2. Task number two is to view the Reliving the Sixties website evaluation assignment exercise on the ICYouSee website www.ithaca.edu/library/training/think60.html

3. Task three is then to evaluate two websites located within reliving the sixties webpage. The following criteria headings must be included to evaluate accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency and coverage.

The task is to evaluate two websites contained inside the reliving sixties hyperlink.

1st Site Psychedelic 60’s

Accuracy

• The information on the title page is error free no grammar mistakes or spelling mistakes.
  
• The page was updated recently so I assume there is a fact checker, who checks information on a regular basis.
  

Authority

• The site has an author and the organsiation are Rector and the University of Virgina.
  
• No link is added for the author and or the organsiation, either contact information.
  
  

Objectivity

• The purpose of the site is such like a library where you are able to borrow certain sixties memorabilia collection.
  
• There is no author opinion as the site is made up of factual information and no advertising.
  
  

Currency

• Information was first documented in 1998 and has been updated just recently January 2008 so information is reliable.
  
• The links maybe have been updated during the time but because it is historical the information may not have to off been updated, so unsure.

Coverage

• The information presented is very broad way and explains about the major event of the 60’s. It just explains enough to keep the audience interested e.g. want to loan out a CD or a book etc.
  
• The relevant information is included and hardly any unspecific information is demonstrated.

2nd Site The Sixties Project

Authority

• The site author is unknown, but the website was developed by New World Order.
  
• There is a link for the company that designed the page but it just comes up a search engine, this does not demonstrate that the company is specialised in this field.
  

Accuracy

• The site is itself is not a factual site as it just provides hyperlinks to books, reviews, discussion forums etc about peoples sixties experiences, culture.
  
• The website site does look like it did get verified and checked on a regular basis until 1999 though, that’s a while now.
  

Objectivity

• Purposes of the site is collaboration and make available primary and secondary sources for researchers, students, teachers, writers and librarians interested in the Sixties.
  

Currency

• The site was originally published in 1993, but has only last been updated in January 1999. So reliability is questionable.
  
• The links do not look to be updated as they are only used to represent book titles.
  
  

Coverage

• Yes, the website Heading Sixties Project does demonstrate what the site will address.
  The information presented throughout the site is mostly broad information not much specifics are explained.
  
• The research part of the site part is relevant, but the headings such as discussion are not so much relevant to the sites aims and outlines.

Workshop 5 - Using Search Engines

Lecture

The main components of the lecture I found useful, informative and interesting were:

• Difference between search engines and directories.
  


• Certain useful internet search tips.
  

Search Engines are a web based application program that crawls the internet, creating indices of websites in which sites are usually indexed by keywords.

Problems with Search Engines include

• Misuse of the page/ score ranking system
  


• The inclusion of current broken links in a list of results to query
  


• Building enormous indices that include irrelevant and outdated results to the user.
  

Directories

• Directories are “human edited”.
  


• Web pages submitted to directories are reviewed and added by manual submission, to ensure quality.
  


• Opposed to search engines which automatically submit web pages, directories do this in order to stop information which is misleading.
  

Useful Search Tips I found interesting and helpful.

• Guessing a location of the source



• Think about and write down what you exactly want.
  


• Use advanced search function and Boolean operators, to expand or contract the search.
  

Tutorial

In the tutorial Gary checked our Blogs and gave us feedback on the structure of a Blogg, what we need to include and exclude in our Blogs in order to achieve high marks. Gary just presented on the projector a brief description on what was to be done in workshop five. The first task was to go to the Monash university website and document in our blogs a couple of tips on how to limit and specify infromation wanted within the search engine searches. The second task was then to do a internet quiz at home. Then Gary told us to explain in our logs how we retrieved the information, to find the anwsers in the quiz.

Workshop 5 - Using Search Engines

Task 1: Was to go to the Monash university website www.monash.com./spidap.html section on search engines and tutorials and read the information. After the web page was read we had to document four strategies in which would help structure a good search in our learning log.

• Using a directory rather than a search engine such as “Google Directory”.

Web directories are a subject-tree style catalogue that organizes the Web into major topics, including Arts, Business and Economy etc. Beneath each of these topics is a list of subtopics of those is another list becoming more general to the more specific.

• Use the search tips section within your browser.

This may help you enter keywords in a particular way to help expand or compact your search.

• Refining your search.

Advanced search refining options some of the possibilities include the ability to search on more than one word, to get more or compact the weight to of the number of hits you get, able to search on proper names, on phrases. Search engines allow you to use Boolean operators to refine your search. These are the logical terms AND, OR, NOT.

• Query by example.

Query by example helps to find similar sites to the ones that come up on your initial search list. Essentially what you're doing is telling the search engine, give more similar to the topic and article than the original one.

Task 2 : was complete the online internet quiz from the webpage www.siteseen.co.uk/questions/historytivia/

Once we had finished were to produce a screenshot of the successful completion of the History Trivia online Quiz that we had participated in.

Task 3 : was to list the strategies that helped to locate the answers in the quiz and there effectiveness.

The strategies I had used to locate my answers were:

• Typing information into basic google search

Worked well for relatively basic questions such as birth dates etc, but questions with multiple subject keywords I struggled to find in the list any sites with the straight up information.

• Typing information into google advanced search

The advanced search function was very good in helping me to search multiple subject keywords. The first useful tool was typing the keywords into this exact wording or phrase helped to compact the search and search for the full subject phrase. Second useful tool was using Boolean operators such as “OR” to expand the search. The last useful tool in advanced search was excluding words using any of these unwanted words search bar.

• Using Google Directory to locate information.
  

Using the google directory I had assumed from reading before that only information manually clarified on this search directory would exist so the results would be more reliable. This was true as only the reliable, factual information came up on the screen as the first entries when keywords were put in.

• Used the Yahoo search engine.

Got stuck on finding the information I was looking for one of the questions so I used an alternative search engine. This was thought of by me because I was told that each search engine although does contain some of the same information, different search engines contain different webpage’s and information sources also, so I thought I would be able to find a section of information for the answer using a different site.

What have I learnt from this module?

• Using a directory rather than a search engine for research on assessments. Knowing the information was manually clarified by the directory site before it is given the green light, will hopefully give me a more reliable and less misleading search result. This is opposed to a search engine searches which just come up with anything with the keyword(s).
  
• Using the advanced search to help expand and compact my search. In order to get exactly what I want or don’t want within my keyword subject search. Using such functions as the exact word or phrase, Boolean operators and excluding the words or phrase I am hopefully likely to get a list of searches relating to exactly what I want
  
• If all else fails use another search engine to track down information.

Readings

The first reading of week 5 is from the Virtual Salt website http://www.virtualsalt.com/howlook.htm. The Virtual Salt website written by Robert Harris takes a look at the types of information categories on the web, search tool types and search tips. Categories of information on the web is split into three the free visible web, the free invisible web and paid database over the web. Visible, free web pages can by found within search engines as invisible websites cannot and paid subscription databases require you to be part of a company or sign up to be able to use these databases as a username and password will be required. Search tool types consist of two they are search engines and directories. Search engines index a large proportion of webpage’s and when searched, “the spider” matches up certain keywords to particular webpage’s. Directories are human edited and contain less information than search engines, when information is searched only the highest quality information will be retrieved when a query is sent as it is hand picked. Some particularly good search tips include read the search tips provided by the search engine or directory, use these search tips to limit and specify your search, guess a location and, limit the keywords “and” “or” within the search to help to limit the amount of hits.

The second reading of week 5 is from the search engine optimisation website http://www.websight.net.au/search-engine-optimisation.asp. The search engine optimisation website is a website that conducts analysis determining if your small business for search engine optimisation. The search engine optimisation provides recommendations and reveals any issues that the developer can implement or you can ask the site to include in website optimisation. The fields that they go over to help optimise a small business website include keyword analysis, setting the benchmark which is the businesses current ranking for every relevant keyword phrase in there search results, search engine optimisation ,link popularity and measuring the websites progress.

Workshop 4 - Using the WWW

Lecture

Out of class from lecture notes talked about the World Wide Web. The overview of the lecture notes talks about internet vs. web, Historical perspective of the web, Defining WWW, Web Protocols and Web browsers/ interface.

Main components of the lecture that I had found interesting, useful and educational include the following:

Differentiating between Net vs. Web

On the Net : find computers and connections are cables between computers.
On the Web: Find information such as documents, videos and connections are hyperlink texts.

History of the Net/Web
Net
1961 The packet switching theory was first published in.
1965 A computer in mass California using a low speed dial up telephone. This becoming the first wide area network built.
By 1969, Four University host computers were connected together into ARPANET.


Web
The Web, first developed by Tim Berners - Lee a CERN researcher in 1989.
The purpose of the web was to facilitate sharing research information.

Defining WWW,

WWW : The World Wide Web is a universe of accessible information stored on computers throughout the world, available through a gigantic network the Internet.
Network of servers linked together by a common protocol, allows access to millions of hypertext resources.

WWW protocols

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol) - TCP allows data/binary signals to be converted into telephone like signal and transferred long existing telephone cables. These are converted back to data at the destination computer.
IP – (Internet Protocol) – IP enables data to be routed from one network to another over the internet.
HTML/HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). As the WWW is the visual part of the internet it uses HTTP or HTML to instruct the computer on how to display and/or exchange data information between computers.
DNS (Domain Name System) Domain name system conventions such as .com or .org etc.
URL (Uniform/Universal Resource Locator)

Web Browsers/Browser Interfaces
Web browsers are programs that allow users to access and explore pages of the WWW. Containing browser interfaces in internet explorer which as with technology has progressed with more efficient and effective information searching functions such as Tabs and specific shortcut buttons.


Some common browser interface shortcuts include.
Ctrl S Saves Webpage onto PC
Ctrl D Adds current page to bookmark/favourites
Ctrl P Prints current Webpage
Ctrl F Finds the next occurrence of the word
F5 Refreshes/reloads current page.

Tutorial

In the tutorial Gary gave us a brief overview off what to do in workshop 4. We Firstly visited the two websites listed in the workshop and describe in our Bloggs how the sites do not appear authenthic and are just there for a joke, naming four mistakes. Then Gary showed the second task on the prjector screen which was to then analyse the Martin Luther King website and suggest its authenticity. At the end of the brief overview of the tutorial Gary gave us time to work on our Bloggs

Workshop - 4 Using WWW

Task 1: you must view the sites http://www.haggishunt.scotsman.com/ and http://www.molossia.org/ then discuss there authenthicity.

In the learning log explain how these websites attempted to appear authenthic, by listing four clues which demonstrates the site is unrealistic.

Haggis hunt website clues

• Haggis is not an animal but is a traditional Scottish dish made from the lung, liver and heart of a sheep.
  
• The supposed Haggis Cams do not show any pictures of a Haggis, because they are not real and just pictures of locations.
  
• They are fake Haggis hunting tips under the link Haggisclopedia, part 6 Hunting Tips.
  
• Fake general facts of Haggis under ther link Haggisclopedia, part 2 Facts such as the Haggis is showeproof but not waterproof.
  
  

Molossia website clues

• Supposed weather times and temperatures.
  
• News headlines such as “Navy Goes Gangbusters” the news headline you assume doesnt represent a real story just a funny made up one.
  
• The pictures on the governenment are all the same, how is that possible?
  
• Made up webpage article history of the War bettwen the Molissan’s and Mustachains in 2006.

Task 2: Was to type into the URL the website http://www.martinlutherking.org/

Document expectations before looking at it

• Information about Martin Luthers King (MLK) history, achievements.
• Links to other informative search websites.
• Picture galleries
• No advertising being a .org site funded by an organisation.
  

Task 3: was to now visit the Martin Luther King website and write down my first impressions

• The site does not contain any real historical information of Martin Luther King’s (MLK) life neither his achievements just a racist site against white people. The site taunts the white population and how white people have allegedly been copying the work of MLK.

Task Four is to look at other sites on Martin Luther King and reflect in the log what I feel about the website now.

• Other sites that contain information on Martin Luther King just present the right facts from a neutral perspective and race is not a factor. The true facts such as Martin Luther King is regarded by all people a pivotal part of American civil rights history bringing equality to all, stopping the racial segregation and discrimination.

• Compared to the other Martin Luther King site as said before the information and facts are not true and race is an issue in the documentation of these facts.
• Such as the information hyperlink “Truth about Martin Luther King JR” talks about how white people allegedly said that MLK papers and beliefs were stolen from other scholars. Making black people feel as if that they have been cheated.
• The rap lyrics an irrelevant part of the MLK site suppose to be focusing on the life of MLK. All the raps are about the topic of calling all black people to kill and rape all whites.

Readings

The first reading of week 4 is the Internet Society (ISOC) webpage on the history of the internet http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml%23Origins . The website talks about how the internet was introduced to society and where it originated from. How it originated from the small networking system used only at universities to research information, to become a worldwide infrastructure that has revolutionised the way we function in daily life. The webpage also talks about the Internets proposed plans for the future.

The second reading of week 4 is the University Leiden webpage http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/frame_theorie.html. The webpage provides hyperlinks to take an in depth look of the history of the net and what it has become today. The first hyperlink of the webpage is it firstly starts explaining the development of computers in the 1960’s. The second hyperlink talks about the move from APARANET used only at universities for research only, to the World Wide Web used by anyone . The third Hyperlink talks about the history of receiving electronic mail (email), when and how it started and its importance and high common use today. Hyperlink 4 title takes an in depth look to the development and utilisation of search engines. The 5th Hyperlink talks about the basic internet data commands of sending and receiving information.